OPcache enable / configuration settings for wordpress nginx php-fpm ubuntu (How to enable)

how to Enable opcode cache PHP 8

#1 EDIT Php php ini

sudo nano /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini

or Whatever the version

sudo nano /etc/php/7.3/fpm/php.ini

sudo nano /etc/php/8.3/fpm/php.ini

#1.1 Uncomment & Change value to 1

;opcache.enable=0

to
opcache.enable=1

or

#1.2 SImple way

just run below command

sudo phpenmod opcache

#2 Opcache configuration settings (Imp)

edit /etc/php/php.ini

or nano /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini

opcache.enable=1

opcache.memory_consumption=128

opcache.max_accelerated_files=200

opcache_revalidate_freq = 240

opcache.error_log= /var/log/nginx/opcahce_error.log

opcache.file_cache=/var/www/html/.opcache (otional or better to avoid)

sudo service php7.4-fpm restart

(512MB mycase 8GB RAM)

#2.1 checking php opcache module status

run below command in terminal

php -m

php -m | grep opcache

[Zend Modules]
Zend OPcache

enable : sudo phpenmod opcache

Optional  2nd layer caching when shared memory is full ((optional)

1.Make a Directory

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/.opcache

2.Grant Permissions to Php & Nginx user

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/.opcache

3. Add the file path in php.ini 

opcache.file_cache=/var/www/html/.opcache;

RAM: allocate memory based on your server RAM  performance-versus-RAM trade-off.

opcache.memory_consumption=128

number of scripts that can be cached

opcache.max_accelerated_files=200

or

opcache.max_accelerated_files=0

unlimited

,  revalidate frequency (based on how long PHP code changes) in WordPress may set for a long time

opcache_revalidate_freq = 240  //seconds

sudo service nginx restart

or

sudo service php7.4-fpm restart

how to disable opcache

nano /etc/php7.4/php.ini

if there is opcache.enable=1

changed to below

opcache.enable=0

sudo service php7.4-fpm restart

php -m | grep opache

how to enablle opcache

nano /etc/php7.4/php.ini

opcache.enable=1

opcache.memory_consumption=256

opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.validate_timestamps=1
opcache.revalidate_freq=30

Opcache settings Explained straight Forward

Cache Expiry

opcache.revalidate_freq=0 

disable cache expiry check until php-fpm restarts,   Its not a good not a idea to Same Compiler code for every Dynamic Php request unlike fastcgi cache its dynamic its has to expiry otherwise we get errors. (ex wordpress admin dashboard).

TO enable  Re valiting cache opcache.revalidate_freq=1.

opcache.validate_timestamps=0

when this enable above option works  , 0 Means no validation, timestamp  = realidating frequency. (set your time) 60mins seconds

opcache.max_accelerated_files=7963   

Decide the Max amount php files to be cached.

you can check how much amount of php files in your directory available for executing this command

find /var/www/html/ -iname *.php|wc -l

Most frequently caching Files are better option.

opcache.memory_consumption=192 

from your Server ex: 4GB,8Gb,16Gb

4gb, 512Mb for system, mysql innodb buffer pool equal to database 512MB. Fastcgi cache 200MB.

php-fpm fool manager (128*10 = 1GB)* Nginx Server 512MB.

Its a bad idea to dedicate memory without analyzing actual usage. you may frequently get memory hog (memory 100% messages)

(amount of shared memory from your server ram)

opcache.interned_strings_buffer=16   (RAM for strings to cache them as array)

chunks of memory you allocated

ex 1GB allocated then divide 1gb/16= to avoid memory leaks

opcache.fast_shutdown=1  (enables fast  reset of cache)

How to decide opcache.max_accelerated_files?

; Only numbers between 200 and 1000000 are allowed.

The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table.

zend_extension=opcache.so;
opcache.enable=1;
opcache.memory_consumption=32;
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8;
opcache.max_accelerated_files=3000;
opcache.revalidate_freq=180;
opcache.fast_shutdown=0;
opcache.enable_cli=0;
opcache.revalidate_path=0;
opcache.validate_timestamps=1;
opcache.max_file_size=0;
opcache.file_cache=/kunden/homepages/mein-pfad/htdocs/.opcache;
opcache.file_cache_only=1;

[opcache]
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
opcache.enable=1

; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled for the CLI version of PHP
;opcache.enable_cli=0

; The OPcache shared memory storage size.
opcache.memory_consumption=200

; The amount of memory for interned strings in Mbytes.
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=16

; The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table.
; Only numbers between 200 and 1000000 are allowed.
opcache.max_accelerated_files=2000

; The maximum percentage of “wasted” memory until a restart is scheduled.
opcache.max_wasted_percentage=5

5 means 5% wasted

memory that has been allocated to the service but is not in use. when it triggers its restarts.

; When this directive is enabled, the OPcache appends the current working
; directory to the script key, thus eliminating possible collisions between
; files with the same name (basename). Disabling the directive improves
; performance, but may break existing applications.
;opcache.use_cwd=1

; When disabled, you must reset the OPcache manually or restart the
; webserver for changes to the filesystem to take effect.

opcache.validate_timestamps=1

; How often (in seconds) to check file timestamps for changes to the shared
; memory storage allocation. (“1” means validate once per second, but only
; once per request. “0” means always validate)

opcache.revalidate_freq=240

default 1 and disabled

; Enables or disables file search in include_path optimization
;opcache.revalidate_path=0

; If disabled, all PHPDoc comments are dropped from the code to reduce the
; size of the optimized code.
;opcache.save_comments=1

; If enabled, a fast shutdown sequence is used for the accelerated code
; Depending on the used Memory Manager this may cause some incompatibilities.
opcache.fast_shutdown=1

; Allow file existence override (file_exists, etc.) performance feature.
;opcache.enable_file_override=0

; A bitmask, where each bit enables or disables the appropriate OPcache
; passes
;opcache.optimization_level=0xffffffff

;opcache.inherited_hack=1
;opcache.dups_fix=0

; The location of the OPcache blacklist file (wildcards allowed).
; Each OPcache blacklist file is a text file that holds the names of files
; that should not be accelerated. The file format is to add each filename
; to a new line. The filename may be a full path or just a file prefix
; (i.e., /var/www/x blacklists all the files and directories in /var/www
; that start with ‘x’). Line starting with a ; are ignored (comments).
;opcache.blacklist_filename=

; Allows exclusion of large files from being cached. By default all files
; are cached.
;opcache.max_file_size=0

; Check the cache checksum each N requests.
; The default value of “0” means that the checks are disabled.
;opcache.consistency_checks=0

; How long to wait (in seconds) for a scheduled restart to begin if the cache
; is not being accessed.
;opcache.force_restart_timeout=180

; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes “stderr”.
opcache.error_log=””

; All OPcache errors go to the Web server log.
; By default, only fatal errors (level 0) or errors (level 1) are logged.
; You can also enable warnings (level 2), info messages (level 3) or
; debug messages (level 4).
opcache.log_verbosity_level=2

; Preferred Shared Memory back-end. Leave empty and let the system decide.
;opcache.preferred_memory_model=

; Protect the shared memory from unexpected writing during script execution.
; Useful for internal debugging only.
;opcache.protect_memory=0

opcache.file_update_protection = 2

Default 2

Prevents caching files that are less than this number of seconds old

It protects from caching of incompletely updated files. In case all file
updates on your site are atomic, you may increase performance setting it
to “0”.

; Allows calling OPcache API functions only from PHP scripts which path is
; started from specified string. The default “” means no restriction
;opcache.restrict_api=

; Mapping base of shared memory segments (for Windows only). All the PHP
; processes have to map shared memory into the same address space. This
; directive allows to manually fix the “Unable to reattach to base address”
; errors.
;opcache.mmap_base=

; Enables and sets the second level cache directory.
; It should improve performance when SHM memory is full, at server restart or
; SHM reset. The default “” disables file based caching.
;opcache.file_cache=””

; Enables or disables opcode caching in shared memory.
;opcache.file_cache_only=0

; Enables or disables checksum validation when script loaded from file cache.
;opcache.file_cache_consistency_checks=1

; Implies opcache.file_cache_only=1 for a certain process that failed to
; reattach to the shared memory (for Windows only). Explicitly enabled file
; cache is required.
;opcache.file_cache_fallback=1

; Enables or disables copying of PHP code (text segment) into HUGE PAGES.
; This should improve performance, but requires appropriate OS configuration.
;opcache.huge_code_pages=1

; Validate cached file permissions.
;opcache.validate_permission=0

; Prevent name collisions in chroot environment.
;opcache.validate_root=0

Specifies a PHP script that is going to be compiled and executed at server
; start-up.
; http://php.net/opcache.preload
opcache.preload=

http://php.net/manual/en/opcache.configuration.php

don’t restart php-fpm

restarting nginx server doesn’t take effect on php-fpm . so we hae to reload/ restart the php server in nginx.

service php7.0-fpm reload

service php7.0-fpm restart

start /stop/ status you can use these along with above two commands.

#COmment if any doubts related to opcache Configuration.

Trobuleshooting

opcache and WordPress  issues

How to monitor Opcache Usage?

Php wordpress plugins

WP OPcache

Opcache vs APCu vs redis vs Memcached

Opcache
storing precompiled script bytecode in shared memory,

APC/APCu

robust framework caching and optimizing PHP intermediate code

Memcached

high-performance, distributed memory object caching system

redis
in-memory data structure store, used as a database, cache and message broker.

Also Read Php -fpm configuration Based on Your Server, and Enabling Fastcgi Cache location in memory or disk.