how to install lemp stack on ubuntu 18.04 20.4 and debian 9, digitalocean google cloud for wordpress.
Prerequisites
Already Installed Ubuntu 18.04 12.04 22.04 LTS
1. Installing Lemp Stack easy method from linux repository
a. Easy Installing nginx from repo
(i)sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
(II) sudo apt-get install nginx
Optional: systemctl status nginx (my case it worked always)
visit ipadress to see nginx page
most cases Port 80,443,22 will not block by ufw firewall or iptables.
(b) Installing Mysql 8 from ubuntu repository
apt install mysql-server
follow the instructions
check installation status
sudo service mysql status sudo mysql_secure_installation and setpassword if not while installation if no password login as sudo mysql and set password change some rules.
(C) Installing Php fm 8 or 7.4 from ubuntu repository
apt install php-fpm or specfic version
sudo apt-get install php7.4-fpm
apt-get install php7.4 -y
sudo apt install php8.1-fpm
and install required php extensions for WordPress etc
sudo apt install php8.1-curl php8.1-zip mcrypt php8.1-gd php8.1-mbstring php8.1-xmlrpc php8.1-xml php8.1-intl php8.1-soap php8.1-imagick
sudo service php8.1-fpm status
Detailed guide on installing php fpm on ubuntu
php ini configuration and php fpm pool configuration
One command installation
sudo apt install nginx mysql-server php-fpm
also follow migrate linux server
Installing MySQL
Run the following commands
from Repo (version may be 5.7 or 5.6)
sudo apt install mysql-server
Part 2: securing installation
sudo mysql_secure_installation
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN
password strength will be high.
Set: Root password, remove anonymous users etc(security hardening must for mysql installation.
Upgrading Mysql databases
Optional (use with caution)
mysql_upgrade u – root -p
if your migrating from old version to new ort if mysql log asks explicitly)
that’s all you done with mysql (performance tuning you need to visit this page)
Installing Php or Php -fpm
from repo
sudo apt install php-fpm
or
Php extensions for wordpress
sudo apt-get install php7.3-mysql php7.3-curl php7.3-json php7.3-cgi php7.3-xsl
or php fpm configuration with nginx and performance tuning please php installation page.
Semi Advanced LEMP Installation (not recommended)
Installing Nginx From Source for latest
visit http://nginx.org/en/download.html scroll down to below prebuilt packages.
http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
Select Linux distributions RHEL/Centos/ Ubuntu / debian etc
for Ubuntu
Ubuntu
Version Supported Platforms
14.04 “trusty” x86_64, i386, aarch64/arm64
16.04 “xenial” x86_64, i386, ppc64el, aarch64/arm64
18.04 “bionic” x86_64, aarch64/arm64
18.10 “cosmic” x86_64
1st step Adding Repository to APT
To set up the apt repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:
echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
or
If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:
echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
2nd step (maybe optional if ubuntu asks)
Next, import an official nginx signing key so apt could verify the packages authenticity:
curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add -
Verify that you now have the proper key:
sudo apt-key fingerprint ABF5BD827BD9BF62
The output should contain the full fingerprint 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 as follows:
pub rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14]
573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62
uid [ unknown] nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>
3rd & Final Step
To install nginx,
sudo apt update && sudo apt install nginx
3.Installing PHP fpm 8
or from launchpad repo for specific version
https://launchpad.net/~ondrej/+archive/ubuntu/php
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y php8.0-fpm
sudo apt-get install -y php8.0-fpm
sudo systemctl status php8.0-fpm
install required php extensions for wordpress 8
sudo apt install php8.0-mysql php8.0-curl php8.0-mbstring php8.0-opcache php8.0-zip php8.0-xml php8.0-gd
from source (Precompiled)
Install mysql 8 from mysql
Download MySQL APT repository
Ste p1:
Go to https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/
(mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb)
Wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb
Step 2
sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_w.x.y-z_all.deb
ex: dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb
Step 3:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install mysql-server
Part 2: securing installation
root@ubuntu:~# sudo mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n
… skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
‘localhost’. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test’ that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
– Dropping test database…
Success.
– Removing privileges on test database…
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
root@ubuntu:~#
sudo mysql_secure_installation
Sample Nginx Server Block
server {
listen 80;
root /var/www/html;
#remove below line add this to nginx.conf (to reduce code on every block)
index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
server_name example.com;
location / {
#for wordpress not work replace with try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}
# remove locat .ht block i you are not using apache2
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
To start services
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl stop nginx
sudo systemctl restart nginx
sudo systemctl reload nginx (reload config files without restarting)
sudo systemctl status nginx (checking status whether it running or not)
Same applies php & Mysql
sudo systemctl restart php7.3-fpm
sudo systemctl restart mysql
Possible errors
Database not connected
check lemp stack version
nginx version
root@instance-1:~# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.19.6
nginx version: nginx/1.19.9
php version
php -v
root@instance-1:~# php -v
PHP 7.4.14 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2021 08:04:47) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.14, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
PHP 8.0.3 (cli) (built: Mar 5 2021 07:53:56) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.0.3, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.0.3, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
linux distribution check lsb_release -a
root@instance-1:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal
mysql -V mysql version
root@instance-1:~# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.23-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))
Nex thing Follow linux Server Migration or
wordpress lemp digitalocean
install lemp debian 9