PHP performance tuning nginx php-fpm conf pool manger dynamic vs static vs on demand

pm = dynamic

pm.max_children = 10

pm.start_servers = 3

pm.min_spare_servers = 2

pm.max_spare_servers = 4

pm.max_requests = 400

static handles connections fast but holds memory (so memory wastage if no connections or little)

on demand (makes happy for 4gb ram servers but maybe  just a slow performance due to spawn on demand

dynamic: holds some memory ex: 3 process * memory limit

3*128= 384  (if your memory limit is 256MB

4*256=1Gb holds in idle (1gb memory costs $2.27 per month cores at $20 each ssd $1 for 10gb.

Also know

; Start a new pool named ‘www’.
; the variable $pool can be used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name (‘www’ here)
[www]

; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; – ‘access.log’
; – ‘slowlog’
; – ‘listen’ (unixsocket)
; – ‘chroot’
; – ‘chdir’
; – ‘php_values’
; – ‘php_admin_values’
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user’s group
; will be used.
user = www-data
group = www-data

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
; ‘ip.add.re.ss:port’ – to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
; a specific port;
; ‘[ip:6:addr:ess]:port’ – to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
; a specific port;
; ‘port’ – to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
; ‘/path/to/unix/socket’ – to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = /run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
; mode is set to 0660
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
;listen.acl_users =
;listen.acl_groups =

; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: – It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
; – The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
; unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
; static – a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
; dynamic – the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
; following directives. With this process management, there will be
; always at least 1 children.
; pm.max_children – the maximum number of children that can
; be alive at the same time.
; pm.start_servers – the number of children created on startup.
; pm.min_spare_servers – the minimum number of children in ‘idle’
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of ‘idle’ processes is less than this
; number then some children will be created.
; pm.max_spare_servers – the maximum number of children in ‘idle’
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of ‘idle’ processes is greater than this
; number then some children will be killed.
; ondemand – no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
; pm.max_children – the maximum number of children that
; can be alive at the same time.
; pm.process_idle_timeout – The number of seconds after which
; an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
;pm = ondemand

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to ‘static’ and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to ‘dynamic’ or ‘ondemand’.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don’t
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to ‘static’, ‘dynamic’ or ‘ondemand’
; Note: This value is mandatory.
;pm = dynamic
pm = ondemand
pm.max_children = 30
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 4
pm.max_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_requests = 1000
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 20s;

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to ‘dynamic’
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers – min_spare_servers) / 2
;pm.start_servers = 2

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to ‘dynamic’
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to ‘dynamic’
;pm.min_spare_servers = 4

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to ‘dynamic’
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to ‘dynamic’
;pm.max_spare_servers = 8

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to ‘ondemand’
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 20s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify ‘0’. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
; pool – the name of the pool;
; process manager – static, dynamic or ondemand;
; start time – the date and time FPM has started;
; start since – number of seconds since FPM has started;
; accepted conn – the number of request accepted by the pool;
; listen queue – the number of request in the queue of pending
; connections (see backlog in listen(2));
; max listen queue – the maximum number of requests in the queue
; of pending connections since FPM has started;
; listen queue len – the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
; idle processes – the number of idle processes;
; active processes – the number of active processes;
; total processes – the number of idle + active processes;
; max active processes – the maximum number of active processes since FPM
; has started;
; max children reached – number of times, the process limit has been reached,
; when pm tries to start more children (works only for
; pm ‘dynamic’ and ‘ondemand’);
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
; pool: www
; process manager: static
; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
; start since: 62636
; accepted conn: 190460
; listen queue: 0
; max listen queue: 1
; listen queue len: 42
; idle processes: 4
; active processes: 11
; total processes: 15
; max active processes: 12
; max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; ‘html’, ‘xml’ or ‘json’ in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
; http://www.foo.bar/status
; http://www.foo.bar/status?json
; http://www.foo.bar/status?html
; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing ‘full’ in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example:
; http://www.foo.bar/status?full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
; pid – the PID of the process;
; state – the state of the process (Idle, Running, …);
; start time – the date and time the process has started;
; start since – the number of seconds since the process has started;
; requests – the number of requests the process has served;
; request duration – the duration in µs of the requests;
; request method – the request method (GET, POST, …);
; request URI – the request URI with the query string;
; content length – the content length of the request (only with POST);
; user – the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or ‘-‘ if not set);
; script – the main script called (or ‘-‘ if not set);
; last request cpu – the %cpu the last request consumed
; it’s always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
; because CPU calculation is done when the request
; processing has terminated;
; last request memory – the max amount of memory the last request consumed
; it’s always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
; because memory calculation is done when the request
; processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
; ************************
; pid: 31330
; state: Running
; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
; start since: 63087
; requests: 12808
; request duration: 1250261
; request method: GET
; request URI: /test_mem.php?N=10000
; content length: 0
; user: –
; script: /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
; last request cpu: 0.00
; last request memory: 0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
; It’s available in: /usr/share/php/7.2/fpm/status.html
;
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
pm.status_path = /status

; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; – create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; – remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; – trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong

; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log

; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
; %%: the ‘%’ character
; %C: %CPU used by the request
; it can accept the following format:
; – %{user}C for user CPU only
; – %{system}C for system CPU only
; – %{total}C for user + system CPU (default)
; %d: time taken to serve the request
; it can accept the following format:
; – %{seconds}d (default)
; – %{miliseconds}d
; – %{mili}d
; – %{microseconds}d
; – %{micro}d
; %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
; variable. Some exemples:
; – server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
; – HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
; %f: script filename
; %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
; %m: request method
; %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
; it can accept the following format:
; – %{bytes}M (default)
; – %{kilobytes}M
; – %{kilo}M
; – %{megabytes}M
; – %{mega}M
; %n: pool name
; %o: output header
; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
; – %{Content-Type}o
; – %{X-Powered-By}o
; – %{Transfert-Encoding}o
; – ….
; %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
; %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
; %q: the query string
; %Q: the ‘?’ character if query string exists
; %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
; %R: remote IP address
; %s: status (response code)
; %t: server time the request was received
; it can accept a strftime(3) format:
; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag
; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
; %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
; it can accept a strftime(3) format:
; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag
; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
; %u: remote user
;
; Default: “%R – %u %t \”%m %r\” %s”
;access.format = “%R – %u %t \”%m %r%Q%q\” %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%”

; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow

; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the ‘slowlog’ file. A value of ‘0s’ means ‘off’.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0

; Depth of slow log stack trace.
; Default Value: 20
;request_slowlog_trace_depth = 20

; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the ‘max_execution_time’ ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of ‘0’ means ‘off’.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0

; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024

; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: ‘unlimited’ or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0

; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with ‘$prefix’ to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
; (error_log, sessions.save_path, …).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot =

; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www

; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes

; Clear environment in FPM workers
; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes
; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this
; pool configuration are added.
; Setting to “no” will make all environment variables available to PHP code
; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER.
; Default Value: yes
;clear_env = no

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; execute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7

; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
; php_value/php_flag – you can set classic ini defines which can
; be overwritten from PHP call ‘ini_set’.
; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag – these directives won’t be overwritten by
; PHP call ‘ini_set’
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining ‘extension’ will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining ‘disable_functions’ or ‘disable_classes’ will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
; specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M